Anandabazar Patrika - Kemon Se Desh

jM~} YA>cSZ

XMSc Pv`

{v \MY P|Mr hSZ wAsyH} tM}, t} PtM r tSAc cSMj} {SkdSMv A~AzMSv, SvA~} {r, SA} jvv, {SMcS PwSM~S, }Ayvv MS} {r AyzArzq yM2SwSuSZ

cT} csS

}avS aZS} <SZ Ay Atv YMe, 14 PM9G}, Y{SMt} _cmS t~ Pe~ rS}Sr~S} P{A}v S\M ZMZM~S AxzSM}} ZMbcv AvMr cv~S{ YA>cSeS{H tM~ YMiv 27 jv C{qS} <ArAvAu, Y{SMt} t~MvrS, AwvSAc A{ mSAi cM} AvMZ PeM~v <s{ t~Mc PS{, yu a c SM AvAt Arv Atv twM} _Z ZMbcv PtaZS Z PwSSAc vS{ SBAxMcm Xx zSAiMvv X} zSAiMvv _MeZv ZMZM~S AxzS} tAqS {SsSAwi 300 mScS _cmS <ArMuMc} P{ZSt 10 yi} ~t }Mg} _cmS cSo PtaZS ~ Y{SMt} _ }c{ |SSZ _Z Sw M }SdS ySurS{~c

{SSZ{S}S-} XtM} {S}S vtH

<SsA{c Y~Sw ~ |SH cMZcjMv} M 30 PM9G} C{q S} txrM} {Myr ~S{ yMhMZ Pj A{M hSmSAj 78 yi} AAm wSMwSmuS}H ZAjM9} Arv x}H A~A~, rS<} {S _y SS{H bZ wS~a SA{~ Mv _Z PyYSMvSZ mScS A{AmMZ Pw~S{ Z-AmAcm, wSMwSm, SMz~ ySe, 50 SjS} o~SM}} ZvAaM} a A5 cSejw adSMv AwvSAc A{M} cSMi cv~S{, {GZ PsMc vSZM}SAy} ?SZm <SZ if*S} {MZ} AvA}Md PcAvZS} PhMZ <SZ YYSZ f*S _AeMZ

Y{SMt} <M4} vSvS \M}} M o- Y} o vm-_} _cmS rSA~cS yM~ AtM~v AwvSAcySy P|{v:
l Pe{ !SZMz PyA}MZ XyS} csS Pc\ y~Myv vS
l YAtySHMt} PcSva \wS} AtMr PeM~ eSZMo} YeS{ Xv{Ar a w}S{ PvMyv
l jM~ PcSsSa AjAv Px~Myv vS
l vZ YMv} _c-_cmS eSAYMr Y{}S sScy Sr jv PyYSMr PyA}MZ yS} jSZeS AvMZ z~ PySkSyAk} |Ms XycS sSMc |SMr rS _YSMvS |SZ, rS} jv YeS{ {SvAc <bAr }SdMyv _cSAuc PM _ AvMZ |SHMt} {Mu XSA MZMi {hAc PM AwvSAcySy jSAvMZ AtM~v, _ My} PvwMs AiM~v {A~S}SZ zSZ SAj} {A~S}S _ csS} <ArySt c}M~v vS
l AwvSAcySy |dv jSvSM~v j~-xM} AeSM}m, wS}Ax\{ h~My vS Pcv Pcv cM} \nM~v 2-1 jv {A~S YM~ eA3} HSy }SSZAvc <AZS _YSMrZ adSMv _ }c{ AvZ{

At~S{ wSAY

27 x}H} {Mu 20 jv c~cSrS PsMc Ay{SMv |SA {GZ ySAc}S 2-3Am tM~ zSe MZ PMv a<Mt} {GZMr 2-4 Atv cSAmMZ |SaZS} wA}cOvS <SZ vmSZ AcAxSM}} \YSv \Y~ iwAr Ay{Sv y2M} _M PwR@iS~S{ {u}SMr PoSM{Ac PsMc Z*S}vSvSM~ <SZ wS<h AcM~SA{mS} ws PcAvZSeS{H Ay{Sv Pc Ac\ 203 _ZS}yS \Y~ 3 Pm 10 A{AvMm

Pmc XMx} w} AmAz-} wtSZ PzM \nMi j1 jSMvSZS}Mt} vSvS iAy YA>cS} YAtySHMt} vreHr SMY

PjSM{S PcAvZSS *

imS vSeSt Ay{Sv vS{~ vSZM}SAy} PjSM{S PcAvZSS Ay{Svy2M} PcAvZS} PvSm a {(SZ rS<} iAy PtM _cSAuc }SUS, S rS<} vSM{ _c csSZ ArAv M~v PcAvZS} jSAr} jvc

PSY PsMc \vAy rc w| a{SMv} Y}y ScMt} <zSy Ai~ PcAvZS} \w} Ay rMc _Am AAm \wAvMy MZ aMn 1952-} XMfSy} PsMc 1960-_} jSvZSA} w| a PtM hM~ {S\ {S\ XzSv 13 SjSM}} \w} YA>cSv a <SZ 100 Z\M}SwHZ} {r Z _Mr AvA$ Z PcAvZS YA>cSv vSvS~ Z\AvZv (cSv) cS}SyA2 v cSv-PvrS PjSM{S PcAvZSS

PcAvZS} }SjuSvH vSZM}SAy {SSZ csS Enkarfe Nyirobi-} Xs nSS jM~} jSZeS _} PsMcZ M}} vS{c}q _Am KrA} Z 1899 SM~ P}~wMs} jv P{SGSS _y \eSS} {uyrH _Z XM KrA} Z <s{ YuAvc yAr 1907 SM~ AAm}S Z YA>cS} }SjuSvH cM} _AmMc SSuHvrS} w} 1963-Pr SSuHv PcAvZS} }SjuSvHa _Am YA>cS} 23-r{ y{ } _Am

SvHZ C{q S} _c <ArAvAu A~j Ay{Svy2M} SSer jSvSM~v Y{SMt} hS}Am Ym-YMv} zSv Ai~ <ArAm} tSAZM _cjv cM} eSZo cS{ hS~c PoAv AeiA AeMsr, >SA ~MeSMbS, PjSM PbS}Me Y} Y{SMt} eSAY} PvA} eSsZS _} w} cAtv Y{}S a<Mt} H

}SUS} yS< AtMc cS<mSrS} AtMZ Pf}S <S} oSvAtMc yM~zSo eSZo y~M~v Ay{Svy2} ySYSMvS M yS< AtMc P{SGSS P}So _dSvcS} yySZH}S PyA}zSeZ _AZS} AyAz7 jSZeS PsMc YS |0S _y M} yyS cM}v P{SGSS P}SMo} aw} mSmS P{Sm} PcSDSAv {Mv wY~, _Z mSmS P{SmM}} cS}dSvS KrA} AvMZ AM} cr cSZ MZ AeMZMi _cmS fmvS} PjM} ytM~ AeMZMi PeSmS wAZ{yM} }SjvHAr} iAy

YMGSMA~

vSZM}SAyMr fS<Am vS PeMY SxSA} A{Av zSMv hMY tAMq } PiMY _~S{ YMGSMA~ t} <SZ 200 AcM~SA{mS} PSZSAA~ zSSZ XSMDSM~ {SMv uM~S z}S jSZeS _} PsMcZ Sv vS{ wSSMY} PcSM~ AyS~ jSZeS AvMZ KrA} MZMi PSwS ~j St} XzSsvS} w} P> aZS} jv A}Mwv PsMc PtaZS ~ PiSm e}{ PrSZSM~ PtdMr P|v StS _eM}S~ _} w} SSt wSvHZ _~S{ AvAt rS<yMr Ay~SArS} y }c{ \wc}q _dSMv rS<y`A~Mr PR}A} YM~S 2} SjSMvS <Sr}SM} YMe ~Mj} ~Mv tS<AYMZ h~~ PxSMmS Pv AwiMv AcA~{SbSM}S} Ad}

AyzArzMq} P~dS uS} cM} y~Mr PeM~ P{fM~SMc Yv PwMr YwvSMr YwAv Y, uSvAUA{r wAsyH} {SvM} PdSMv <My ~SMz} PRzSe Ah fMm }avS At~S{ XSMGSMSA~ vSvS~ wSc 1974 SM~ 390 ye AcM~SA{mS} KrA} MZMi _Am _Mc AfM} P}MdMi rSvjSAvZS} H{S w| <SZ Arv SjS} yeAcM~SA{mS} wsc ZMcS-AM{ 1974 w| _mS Ai~ {SSZ }Ar X}q 74-_ Z vSvS~ wSc

yiM} <SZ 40 ~ {SAcv o~S} YZ Z _dSvcS} w|mcMt} cSi PsMc }SWHZ vHAr Xv|SZH _} {~ XmS d}h Z yq<SqH }Mq} jv

_dSMv Px} Ptd~S{ AcA~{SbSM}S} wSSYhYS! YMZAeA}} ~SzS PsMc KrA} yM~ {SsSmS hS9S {Mv M hchMc }SrS AtMZ P{SYS M|} YM~S AwiM~ AwiM~ iAYMZ hM~Mi _c }Mg} tAr Pe{ !SZMz jM~} P <SM SArMt} wthS}qS rS} AwiMv y}x hYS }avS aZS} YMe XSAzZSvS PsMc PtaZS rMs y~S MZAi~ AM} tMc YMv PA{aMZ A~MdAiM~v jeA&dSr At P^Sj Xx AcA~{SbSM}S

Y{SMt} _Zm-AmS}`A~ AyM u}Mv} jM~ pcM~ hS~c-eSZo eSAY} {SsSmS rM~ Ptv \rS PyMY |SZ <SZ SMY Arv Axm aZSA} eSAYMr tS<AYMZ PtdMr wSM}v yv j1} AvAZ h~SMx}S cS}a PhSMd t}yHv cS}a PhSMd cSM{}S Pc\ yS dSA~ PhSMdZ hS}wS PtdMiv <Sq zM} PvRMcS} {MrS t~Mr t~Mr eSAY _MeSMr ~Se~ PcSsSa {Sn PcSsSa j~SjA{ rSMr SAr-AMwS f}Mi

StS yc \MY \MY _M yMi _`A~} AwMn PvA} jSvSM~v, j1Mt} Aye xSZz y~Mr PySkSZ P~wSo, A, SAr, eS} Y} P{S _dSMv ySf PvZ A`A~ AtMv c{MyA 23 f*S AyS{ cM} _c _cmS} sS;MY} ajv <SZ 125 AcM~S v}{ PcSva j1 _c sS;MYZ cMwScS AM} ezuS}qcS~ SMY Arv {S cH zSMy AvMjMt} PeSH PsMc A-AA S{AZc M} AeMZ A{A~r Z, PmSa jSvSM~v PvA}

yMv} P{MnS ws AtMZ _MeSM eSAY Aci XM Ptd~S{ SA} SA} eSi t{MY-{hMY _cScS} {Mv M YZ~S} rSy yMZ AeMZMi PvA} jSvSM~v, amS AUcM~} Xwc{

Z*S}MvMm} rMs PwMZAi, YA>cS} \r{ wSSY AcA~{SbSM}S} {~ X _<McMy<Mc AeMZMi PcAvZS a rSvjSAvZS} H{S AtMZ _} ArvAm <uSv YMZ{Md} vS{ AcMyS, {SMZvAj Y} A}S PSZSAA~ AcA~{S csSmS} Xs PiSm wSSY cAsr bSM}S csSmS} Xs StS yS kckMc PvA} Xy Y{SMt} yM~AiM~v bSM}S SvHZ _c \wjSAr} vS{ <Ar yi} eMY jvS wMvM}S XAz|SH {S}S |Sv _Z wSSMY \nMr AeMZ vSZM}SAy} 180 AcM~SA{mS} \M} {S\* PcAvZS _} \r{ Ad} ~ ySArZSv 5199 A{mS}

XMcAZS eSMi} 42 }c{ <jSAr YMi XvSv eSMi} {Mu PtdS |SZ ZMeSA}ZS YA>cSvS (Mj A), o{}, wS{ PiSm PiSm PkSw, }My}Mg} yMvS x~eSia PhSMd wY~ vSvS }c{ wSAd YA>cSv P{SAv oSz, PySZS} Pxo PeS XSaMZ, Ao YvS yS}Mym, zv PoZS} AoMc vAy~

XSMGSMA~ PsMc }avS At~S{ vSZM}SAy Px}S} ws tHf }SUSa zHq dS}Sw PvA} {jS c}M~ y~M~v, PySv mZA _iS}SZj MZ |SM PrS{SMt}

}SrSZ P{SYS AcA~{SbSM}S *

vSZM}SAyMr Aciq

M}} _cmS XM oSvAtMc ~GS yS}SMc} {MrS PtSr~S Arvr~S ySAY {~ M} pcMrZ PhSMd wY~ yY yY ySAY yS< AtMc _cmS AyS~ wSc aMt} wS~SM{* zyv, vSZM}SAy AyAytS~Z PtdMr PtdMr _MeSA _~S{ SMz}S wSvSA>c PSMmM~ PcAvZSZ PtdS M~ w}}Mc yM~ jSMGS, {SMv SM~S Y{}Sa vrv PdS M@} <MZSe M|Se yMk cM}Ai

vSZM}SAy} Xvr{ (y Sv ~ Aj}Sx P*S} _cr~S} {Sv \<h yS~cAv} \w} PsMc tS<AYMZ tc}S Aj}SxMt} dSyS} AtM P| P dSyS} M~ h~My vS, crOwM} PtaZS dSyS} 1974 SM~ PoZA vSM{ _cAm Yr ySS Aj}SxMc \$S} cM}v jSc a PyAm P~A~ a yS<AhMZ PrSM~v rS} w} PsMc PyMYMi PoZA} H SsH cw, cScSrZSa YMi _dSMv jSAvMZ }SdS zS~ Y}Ay @ Aj}SxS {SMv tSTq ~GS _} PsMcZ Aj}Sx zSyM~ XySc ~SMe P| _r ~GS e~S Mxa {AUM cH cM} } |S~v Z YM~ Aj}SMx} _AwM} ev Xv }c{ Ktf <SZ 2 xm, ajv 10 AcM~S} {MrS _ cS}Mq SuS}Mq} PhMZ A&`q } \MS~v c}Mr wSM} YA>cS} rOqzA{ Aj}SMx} Y<rYf} Pwm z}SMvS} jv AtMv Xr 28-29 AcM~S eSMi} wSrS ~SMe {jS} ySwS} cSM{~ _y P~wSo tZ Az7 u}Mq} <SqH _`M~S} M Aj}SMx} PcSva A{~ PvZ Ac1 ~GS e~S} _Z <SqH} ~SAmv vS{ ~ cSM{M~SwSoSA~

{~ }mS Py kckMc SMz}S wSvSA>c PSMmM~ P| |S} fM} AjAvw P}Md KvMzSMj} jv Pe~S{ PSMm~ AwA~AwA~-Pr PSZSAA~ zSSZ csSmS} {SMv kS~ ~S ~j-PSMmM~ Ai~ AyU} dSvSAwvS} yyS rMy PcAvZS} SuS}q P~SMc} {~ dSt c~S Y} zS A{Ar cM} A$ (a<Mt} zSSZ AesS}) Y} z<MYS AtMZ KrA} Pcc (\eSA}) zS, Ayv, Y~, ~S\wSrS, c~S _ y A{AMZ _c }c{ dSyS} a<}S dSv AvMjMt} zSSZ amS ~ {AcM{S _cm \Ay}S hS wSv cM}v {Sdv-Ahj AtMZ wS<\TAma dSv P{MZMt} hM~ vSvS ySSA} Sj dSaS PM} Px} wSvSA>c }Sr cSAmMZ w} Atv <Sr}SM} w} Px} XAz|Sv

{SSZMt} eS<MZ

|r PyA ~SxSMy, rS} t} rr PyA Xr AyMZ} ySjSM} PrS yMmZ cS} t} crmS, rS PtdMr wSH w }HAr{MrS w}HS PvZ wS w}HSZ wS c}M~ <4 aMn wSH crmS wq wSMy wq y~Mr eT eMY 10-12mS eT} AyAv{MZ wSH ~Sz c}Mr wSM} {SSZ |yc

{SSZ 2}H}S

{SSZ ~ YA>cS} XAr wA}Ahr _c \wjSAr EtSZ _Z _cAy rMca aMt} AyMZ Z _ zSMyZ P{MZMt} AyMZ Z 16-17 yiM} wTMt} 20-21 yiM} hScA}} Ay2{S M|Se PvZ {~ jHAycS AcS}, hSyS _y PeS-wS~v aMt} uS}qS PeSmS AyM} y eTZ aMt} AyM} wA}yA crmS rS} vvr{ uS}qS _Mt} <SZ PvZ A{vSA}Mt} XvtSMv ~ MZMi PdSMv ySS}S wYS} M|Se wSZ <ArAr cMZcjv SvHZ PSMmM~ Aci cSj cM}v

{SSZ{S}SZ AeMZAi~S{ zrS PsMc yd tM} {SSZMt} jHyv PtdMr YMe PsMcZ dy} PtaZS Ai~ X}q xM} twM} Y{SMt} PtaZS MZAi~ ySi yA2 dSyS} |S<}S |S dSy vS eSZo-hS~c}S XvM}Su cM}AiM~v Y~StS P}Md AtMr P y SM{ PpScS} {Md {SSZ ySSMt} PtaZS ~ w|mcMt} PtR~Mr {SMk {Mu _cm {dM}Shc dSyS} PjSMm aMt}

<SZ hS} tc YMe Xc t A~MdAiM~v, Y{}S ySgS~H}S |At Z jSr keYSMm, jS{Sv}S jSr ~YSc, rMy YA>cSv}S AvZZZ jSr vSAhMZ rS~ a iM2} M Pt |S~Mv} _{v {SA{c M|Se Y} PcSsSa PtAdAv ...YA>cSv HMr vShZ ~ Pc4Ay2, ySjvS a rSv rS} \w~ {S ...vSMh} <Sq rS~ a i2 YA>cSZ iM2} A SrrSA~ a !SM{} ySjvSZ csSmS {Mv wY~ eS<MZ <MywMs} {Md \~ PwSSc wM} PcS{} tA~MZ vShMr cT c}~ _ct~ {SSZ eSMv} AyZ Y{SMt} SSer jSvSMvS XsyS A AcS} aMt} }HM} }My}Mg} evS _cZ @ yS}yS} \S}q cM} vSh, XMvcmS P|v Y{SMt} S<arSA~ vr {SSZ wT}S ~FkF cM} aMt} yH} PtdS~ x}HMt} Pc\ Pc\ SA{~ M~v _Z vSh-eSMv iAya \n~ wmSwm

oS~wS~S AtM Pf}S {SSZ S{

AzrM} P|Mr PeM~ tvH AtMr Z XMs} AyAv{MZ t~MvrS} cSi PsMc Xv{Ar Pw~S{ {SAm} yS PyYS} PeSy} P~wS PtaZS~ PiSm PiSm dwAY f} <SZ S{S`AY AtMZ pcMr Z {S} jv jSv~S }SdS Z vS fmfMm X3cS} PiS fM}} _cwSM \vv PuS<ZS yS} aZS} jv PiS f~fA~ fM}} {SkdSMv wch{ AyiSMvS PeS~ cM} iYSMvS cMZcAm f}

_ccSM~ yv j1} M ~YSZ cM} yS<hMr r a<Mt} {~ yS rSvjSAvZS a PcAvZS} H{SyrH j~ _~ScSZ yi} 9 X} a<}S eS<MZ} jSZeS yt~ cM}v cS}q \ZMwScS} rSy \mMcS P~Sc |SMr pcMr vS wSM}, P cS}Mq {SkdSvmS oS~wS~S AtMZ Pf}S {SSZMt} {~ jHAycS ewSA~r j1 PwSS a`A~Mc |SMr jA~ j1}S PmMv vS AvMZ |SZ, PpScS PyM}SMvS} }SUS 3S} w} _ y oS~wS~S AtMZ YmMc PtaZS Z

XtM} {S}S vtH _} vS{ XvSM}Z jSZeSmS} vS{ {SSZ{S}S X`vAr j~UH _dSMv Pc\ jM~ eS oAyMZ yM YMi Pc\ yS {d AtMZ j~ i<YMi awSM rSvjSAvZS} H{S x}H}S iAy r~M~v rSvjSAvZS} Aj}Sx hM~ _MMi H{S PwA}MZ {SZMMv} {Z awS} PsMc wcwSAd}S hM~ YM {S}S vtH XAr{ cM} _ {Z wccM~} XMvMc cA{M}} cyM~ wMY iAYMZ YMi <SqH} SYMeSY

{S}S vtH} ySA2S...

j~UH} YS	t~im cA{}

{SSZMvrS} csSZ jSv~S{, PcSva _cAm yM} 20Am wA}yS} YMiv PiS aZ eS<MZ adSMv P~ScdS 120-} {MrS aMt} cs zSSMc yM~ {SY rMy PSZSAA~ a ZM}Aja PySMk XMvMc {Sj AwrOrSA0c YZv aMt} AvjS AyhSM}} jv YMi AvAt Sv PdSMv _cAm t, aZ tZ aMt} YA{r (Y\m Xy PcSm) _y YM}Sw ({S hSaZS) _} jSZeS aMt} \wS PtyrS _SZ 1891 PsMc 1893-_} {Mu XAZS} XAz|SH XS} yS\{Sv aMt} jHyv AvMZ w|MyMq} w} _cAm yZ P~Mdv o {SSZ~S* } vH~McSMZ~ ({SSZMt} zA{ PsMc vH~ vMt} \ w|)

{SSZ{S}SZ |SaZS} ~M Y{}S vSZM}SAy PsMc cS~ SMY SrmSZ }avS AtMZAi~S{ _} YMe <Sr}SM} w} SM}SzS wSvSA>c PSMm~ PsMc Phc Y\m cM} AvZ M} eSAY} tq zHq PyA PvA} jSvSM~v, Xs AtMZ w}HS iSYSZ tq AvZ0Mq} iSYw wSaZS |SZ } PiMY _cm _AeMZ A}xm zSA~} wSM YcqHZ _c jSZeSZ eSAY sS{~ AwiMv ezH} dSt wy PsMc wAZM{ _Z \wrcS} AyUOAr <SZ iSjS} AcM~SA{mS} 20 PsMc 70 ~ yi} YMe KrA} MZAi~ AyM} _Z yy xSm~ jov, ZAsaAwZS, PcAvZS, rSvjSAvMZ, cMS i<MZ xSm~ PwR@MiMi P{SjSAGMc} \wc~ w| PcAvZS} cSMi xSm~mS Ayz MZMi tzSMe Px} A{MMi rSvjSAvZS} vHMh} AtMc <SZ 35 {SZ~ haYS _Z \wrcS \rS} AvA}Md {(wM} vHMh XyAr ezH} \wrcS AwiMv P}Md Y{}S iAy r~~S{ YwSM vSvS }c{ UAO AyA} PtScSv tS{ Xy Xr hYS

wSSAY yS<uSMvS }SUS uM} _MeSA PvA} y~Miv, aZ AejSmS ZrSA~} }cS} 1942 SM~ KrA} cA}MZ AtMZMi Y}, aZ P| SMm~SZm P*S} PtdMiv, amS KrA} MZMi zS}Mr} M|SAerSZ _~S{ {SZ {SA\ vSM{ _cmS M} PSZSAA~ zSSZ csSmS} Xs e}{ j~ (PRjMv PvA}) a<} csSZ, _c {Z AAm}S _dSvcS} }SUS KrA} c}Mr zS}r PsMc XMvc P~Sc AvMZ YM rSMt} Pc\ Pc\ _dSMvZ PsMc AeMZMi

Ac\A}a Mw} w}S

eSAY _AeMZ hM~Mi twSM u-u T <S} jvyAr PvZ hSM} h-a PvZ cS}q j~SzSy Aci XM KrA} M vrv }SUS SvHZ {Z Py~S _eSM}SmSZ _~S{ vSM}Sc vSM{ _cAm PiSm M} AyAytS~Z, Z\_vAoAw-} t} txr}, P* P{A}j eS~ ~, Y|A~c S~S, ySA9 AejS, Aci PSMm~ _ y PwA}MZ _cAm Ac\A}a Mw sS{~S{ Pc\ Pc\ mcmSc AcvM~v

wMs Y{SMt} cvzMZ} _cmS eSAY} |SA0c eMeS~ MZAi~ xM~ Yu f*S} \w} YmMc wYMr ~ }avS MZ Py AcimS _AeMZ _~S{ X}Mq }SUS} _{v S~ {Mv M _Z yAk eSAY \M |SMy cdva wSsM} _yMYS PdyMYS wMs, cdva k}vS} \w} AtMZ _AeMZ hM~Mi eSAY twSM} t PtdMr PtdMr [ \MAjr Xvr{ |SH tHwSbv y ZvMS AMm} ySA2S, PwSZ hSmSo XScS\M** y~M~v, Ky PsMc Ss PtMd _MAi _dSMv YS} jv ySyS HM}v y AiM~v {GZMZ} iAy wSYS} _c yU yA <SMtAc _c {S}SjS XvM}Su c}M~v YA>cS} zS}rHZMt} jHyv|SS P~MZMo uM} }SdMr rS<} XvtSMv 1939-_ ySyS _MAiM~v _dSMv PeSmS Z\Avm AvMZ cSmSv Arv {S fM}Miv <SZ Sr SjS} {SZ~ ZAZSv Zv YA>cS vSM{ ZM}Aj a AA2Mr KrA} cM}v A&zSAc iAy a<} cSi PsMc XAzarS} vSvS csS cMvAi Y} |Mt ~S~v cM}Ai YA>cSZ YS} tyS} ZM \MAjr rS<} VH cM~j-AAcS P{RA{a


PSwS ~j	{SSZMt} vreHr

vSvS~ wSMc} _c uSM} {S}S PSwS ~j Y{}S _dSMv _~S{ Py~S YYSZMmZ AjAvw P}Md twM}} dSyS} hS}Mm vSeSt Px} _c < j~ x} XySu tA PwR<Mi |SM yd tM}} AeA} AdM} kS<Mc kS<Mc PjS, Aj}Sx, yMvS P{S PvA}} cSMi jSv~S{, a`A~} {~ AvyS PM}MAm} cSMi PeSM}SMeSM}SMmS-Z dSMt} PdS<Mj rSvjSAvZS} H{SvS PwA}MZ hM~ YM yiM}} _Z {ZmSZ a`A~ PxM~ |SZ <SZ 60 SjS} mv PeSy} _} _cmS yY X PcAvZSZ hSM yy_r Z S} ASMy P{S`A~} ezuS}qcS~ SMY Ym {SM} {MrS <My} A{Avm wS<Mh} {Mu \Mn tS<YSZ Syc 20 A{AvMm} {Mu PtRMYSMr wSM}

eSAY sSA{MZ }SUS} uSM} _cmS cS<mS eSi PtdSM~v PvA} y~M~v, _Z P| cSM~S }Mg} x~! Aj}SMx} A<Z dSt _mS xM~} Azr} _c }c{ PwScS sSMc xM~ Aj}SMx} cS{Y ~SeM~Z PwScS`A~ AjfSZ cS{Y ySZ _} PjM} Aj}Sx eSi PiMY wS~SZ x~`A~} Azr} XMvcmSZ xS<wS ySrS yZM~ PS< PS< _c }c{ YaZSj Z _Z y eSiMc rSZ yM~ dZA~MSv

}SMr {S}S ~Mj ~ {SSZMt} vreHr AvcAr }SMr ~Mj fM}} XtM} SZvS oScMi w} Atv cS~ SMY imSZ Px} j~ x} x} csSmS _MMi PSZSAA~ @ SxSA} PsMc \<h Avh X}qwMs |SSMc yM~ SxSA} _c wS~ A}q PtAdMZ PvA} jSvSM~v, a`A~Mc yM~ s{v eSMj~ P{SGSS PsMc P~c AzMfSA}ZS |SaZS} wMs 1883-Pr _Z jSZeSmS} _y A}q`A~} At wSv PjSMx s{v rSZ _Z vS{c}q

eAyr wSMZ yMv f}Mi _c }c{ wSAd PvA}} csSZ, PtMdS! w}Mv P|v cSM~S A{Av Sm, {SsSZ PdS<wS rSMr c~{ PeS<jS Y{}S _`A~Mc rSZ yA~ PMmSA} ySo <SZ {SM} Y{}S y~~S{, |sSs vS{c}q Ptd~S{ d}MeS, PyAj} wS~, _c PjSYS ySAfvH ySSMt} AvMZ eMj4e{Mv |SM AUvH eSAY} cSMi hM~ _~ _c-YumS A}q M M {Mv wMY Pe~ }SM{} yvyS-_} ~SZvmS A}q hM} PyYSZ PsS cSMi Yr PuMZ

\wrcS} AyS~ yA, XH{ _y v rS _} {Mu ~AcMZ sSMc wSZsv, AAm PcSy}S} {MrS wc~ yq A>, SmSA}, YA>cSv SxSA} _ y AydSr iAy AvMZ YM~ShvS c}Ai~S{ |SH}S YwSM PSmv, yS}SvSZm, Z\McA}ZS} {MrS vSvS <jSAr} eSi Py~S SMY vmSZ _ }c{ Aci eSMi} vHMh sS{~ Y{SMt} cvzZ ySMi YvS ~j-_} dSySM} ~ <Sr}S


StS-cSM~S} {SS}	Syc AvM...

Px} |SS {SSZ{S}S Pe{ A}jSMz} YZrv <SZ 1300 ye AcM~SA{mS} 94 <jSAr} UvwSZH, }Hw a \zh} _dSMv YMi YMi 485 }cM{} wSAd PcAvZSZ vSvS {SMw} AyAz7 u}Mv} 59Am vSvS~ wSc a Pe{ A}jSz YMi _} {Mu AydSr _Z {SSZ{S}S SAr} wS~ PtMd PvA} cT c}M~v, {SMZ} PwMm <SZ 22 {S cSAmMZ wAsyH} YM~S PtMd _`A~ tyS} ezuS}Mq} {SMk SuS}qr iyiM}} yyuSv sSMc {SrOrSA0c {Sj _Mt} T}qA {S}Sc AtMv eMY <ArAm} aZS 200 AcM~S dSyS} ~SMe j~ ~SMe AtMv 200 A~mSM}} {MrS |S dSZ, rS} 60 rS PyA}Z |SZ yj ASMy ajv c{MyA 5700 AcM~SS{ jM8} w} _c PsMc Arv {S Syc sSMc {SMZ} PwMm} vHMh hS} yiM} tS<r ejSMr cT cM} yA2 SAr yS<hMr wSM} 100 yi} w| yv SAr} eY YZ 65 yi} SAr P|{v X`vAr, PvA}} aSvtSv wya P|v Pr{vZ XH{ a<} csSZ, _c _cmS SAr} }HM} <SZ SMY hS} A~mS} } wSaZS |SZ c<MY PwA} dS 20 SjSM}} \w} _c ySM} AUvH <y cM} _cAm Syc aAm} ajv 120 AcM~SSM{} {MrS Y}, aZ P| Ptdi PjS! a`A~} eY YZ 20 yi} _Am} ezuS}qcS~ _c yi} _c ySM} _cAm cM} Syc <y cM} tS<r dy  {~ dSyS} ccMvS fS

AcimS _MeSMrZ _c u}Mv} cv PhSMd wY~ Pc\ cAv yS vS cAv w}{ YM yM~ hM~Miv PvA}a`A~ ~ ~Mw~ 36 SjS} xm \<hMra \YMr wSM} {SMk {SMk PtdS |SZ ~SMw~ Pxo, YA>cSv PcSZSMZ* ySc, ZAjwAZSv, \Moo _ y vSM{} cv

H{SyrH PM}SmS} csS yM~Ai @mS} SvHZ Xs XH{ {r~ PdSMv vSAc Ax yi} <SZ 40 SjS} j1 rS c}S Z _`A~} {S }xrSAv Z yMhMZ PyA |SZ AhMv _ yZ PvA}} PtaZS rs Y{}S Ptd~S{ {jS} wSAd AeAvxS\~, yMhMZ yY XSA*M~Sw _~S (yY _c u}Mv} A}q), yMhMZ PiSm XSA*M~Sw AocAoc

_dSMv yM~ }SdS zS~, Y{SMt} zS}ra Ac1 X}Mq} Atc PsMc AwAiMZ PvZ 166Am yvS|~Mc vSvS~ wSc XsyS A}jSz xM} ASMy AhA6r c}S MZMi }cSA}zSMy PfSAr MZMi 97Am YZrMv} Atc PsMc yMhMZ yY XTqSh~ <MtM} vS{txS vSvS~ wSc _} wM} \}SdM} eMSH vSvS~ wSc YZrv |sSM{ 1985.23 ye AcM~SA{mS} _y 1552.73 ye AcM~SA{mS}

YcShS}H...

~Mw~	{S}Sy

vSZzSSZ

xM}}  AtMv SrcSM~ t~ Py<Mu }avS At~S{ j~ x} c}Mr c}Mr PyA}MZ |Sy k}vS} uSM} PyyMv} wS~ SvHZ AyM _c }cM{} wSAd PtAdMZ PvA} y~M~v, a`A~ ~ {S}Sy _r AyS {M} PeM~ cva PiS<Z vS \YMr wSM} <SZ SMY Sr SjS} A{mS} \wM} e~S} sA~Mr XAiMjv {jr cM} }SdMr wSM}

Y}a AcimS _MeSMrZ PtAd ArvAm AhrS v}{ P}SM} t~Ac hSM~ hM~Mi iAYMZ AiAmMZ sScS w|mcMt} 10Am eSAY _Mc _Mc _M wY~ XcM~ P~-yA2 c}S} M|Se Pc-Z yS SriSYS c}Mr hSv? _dSMv yM~ }SAd, xM}} _Z y eSAYMr sSMc AS~H PyrS}-|0 hS~c rsS eSZoMt} wS}A}c PySkSwYS |Ms PcSva fmvS fmM~ yS vj}cSYS Aci PtdM~ M M _Mc Xw}Mc jSAvMZ Ptv

PeSmS AyM yMhMZ PyA Aj}Sx PtdS |SZ PcAvZSZ _ y jSZeSZ _Mt} DMc Aci csS y~S P|Mr wSM} MtSjSr Aj}SMx} Ktf Z iZ xMm} {MrS wqyZ wT a P{MZ Aj}Sx |sSM{ 19 a 17 xm tHf ajv Z c{MyA 4,300 wS\ a 2,100 wS\ aZ ajv {~r _`A~} ~GS e~S} jv Pcy~ _Z e~S} Ktf Ym xMm} {MrS ajv <SZ 500 wS\ {SvM} e~S} {MrSZ Aj}SMx} e~SZ sSMc SrAm SY {SvM} P|{v <MrMc} SMr} P}dS _c _c }cM{}, Aj}SMx}a eSMZ} PiSw Az7 }c{ |S<}S _ y AvMZ {SsS fS{Sv, _Z eSAh\ PtMd AvAt Aj}Sx AhvMr wSM}v ~GS AjfSa _Mt} _cmS KyA PeS~SAw a cSM~S }Mg} Ajz <SZ 22 ZA| tHf j~ wSv c}S} {Z Aj}Sx S{Mv} wS tAm iAYMZ PtZ _ }c{ XySZ XMvc PM A ~SAxMZ wMY PycSZtSZ wMY Aj}Sx XvsSZ ~GS wSMZ iMm yS PjS}SM~S ~SAsMr Y}S c}Mr wSM} j~ PwM~ Aj}Sx 2-3 f*S X} wSv cM} vS PwM~ wSv vS cM} cMZc S cSAmMZ AtMr wSM} _c ySM} 12 eS~v j~ wSv c}Mr wSM} eT} {MrS Aj}SMx}a hS}Am wScA~

_c {Z SS}S {TzA{} tAMq ccMvS X|M~ Aj}Sx PtdS P|r _dv wAZ{ YA>cS _y tAq cS~SSA} X|M~ _`A~ <SZ AvAZ\ MZ AeMZMi Aj}SMx} eY YZ 22 yi} ySS Aj}SxMc A, P~wSo, SZvS _y YA>cS} yMvS ccM}} Sr PsMc yS<hSMr rc sSMc {SMZ}S

YcwMs _MeSA twS xS<cS wMs PtAd _cmS ySS PiM~ tSr ySAYMZ SS| hSZMi A=j Aez A{ Zm a} YAr PwR@iS~ vS h~ eSAY} Xw} |SHMt} cSMv eA}y _y Xv7r _ y PtM A{vSA}}S ~ KrA} cM}Mi _} ySMt PiM~My~S PsMcZ ZM}Aj zSSmS _<Mt} |Ms wA}Ahr

Py~S SMY ySM}SmS vSeSt _~S{ vSM}Sc vSM{ _cAm M} Pcv~, PmSmS~, S, PcSAy~ _ }c{ Pr~ S} vSvS wSD }SUS} wSM ySjS}, ~, Pd~S} {Sn, PSMm~, AyAytS~Z, A{\AjZS{, }SWMo} (Z\_vAoAw) XAx h~Ar eSAY PsMc _ My} \w} PhSd yA~MZ PiMY Pe~S{ vSM}Sc _~S{ vZzSSZ


~<S c~GS

t} PsMc PhSMd wY~ _cmS 2} P~c _dSMv Ay~Syd~ PSwS ~Mj sScS} yyS MZAi~ AyS~ jSZeS} \w} <cOAryS3y Swr h{cS} yySwvS {(r~ PsMc _Am 6270 xm \<hMr Ay}Sm jSZeS AvMZ ~Mj} {Sn ySZM} <h} Av S\ _Z X|M~} jA{ dy \y} AyMtA vSvS ydjSArc S _dSMv cOAcSj cM} \wSAtr S{A }xrSAv Z

cOAcSMj yy_r }SSZAvMc} _cmS yY X P~Mc} jM~ A{Mi _} PjM} vSAc {M} |SM <h} {Si ~Mj} _cmS eSMi cSM~S-StS Aci P~S{ yS<t} ~SxS~SAx c}Mi P~SzvHZ {S Y} hS{YS} jv _c{Z _`A~ P{M} Px~S r AvAZ6 Mr yMAi~ c~GS <jSAr} _Z y yS<t} _dv yS<hSMvS} PhS M

PSwS ~Mj} A}Mwv-cSA*v-XAx _cZ hM} sScS} ySAY`A~ _cm tM} <ArAm PtSr~S hS}Am cM} Z\Avm <Ar Z\AvMm yS}S2S, ^Svf} Y} AyS~ |Sc yS}S2SZ yM tMhSd zM} \wMzSe c}Mr wSM}v yj Y} Kv@ SAjM~} jScSM}S (SvHZ vS{ {cScS}SM), wy XMA~ZS} AAM ac yS PAzA~ZS-} (SvHZ vS{ {Ac{S) {MrS vSvS <jSAr} eSi PZ M jSZS* cScmS 3S M~Z PjS-Aj}Sx-}S hM~ YMy YwvS} tZSM} X3cSM} _cS yS} vS-aZS} jv PeSYSMrZ rc cM} PtaZS MZAi~ ~Mj} YySAcMt} |SrSZSMr} wMs \Atw}S }H rS<}S YySAcMt} KvSSM}} |SrSZSMr} wMs mh PsM~ fM} PwR@AiMZ Ptv A}MwMv cSej wYS} M|Se Pw~S{ At SSo 40 wSrS} mSy~MZo tS{ 40 AA~ 42 wSrS} mSy~MZo PoZA~ vSv tS{ 35 AA~

jSZS* cScmS

ySZ vSZzSS P~Mc} YZrv PyMY <SZ 400 yeAcM~SA{mSM} tS<YSZ ccMvS {MZ cM{ tS<YSZ <SZ _} _c hrsS Y{}S AeMZAi~S{ cdS {}cM{ crmS j~ cM{ AeMZMi rS PtMd rSy AwvSAc A{ YMe} yS} w|mcMt} AvMZ |dv _dSMv _MAiM~v, cr w| 8Mt} j~ Ai~ PtdSM~v eSZo}Sa SZ AtM~v rSMr t~ Py<Mu |0hSA~r PxA} hYM~v cM~ tAqS Ai~ {SsSAwi 20 o~S} Y{SMt} Xy Y~StS cM} _mS AtMr ZAv wSMcMj} M u}S Ai~

hS}uSM} wSAw}S _y ZMZM~S AxzS} (_c u}Mq} XSMcAZS) eSi PxA}} M \YMi eSgAh~ ZAr\Ar {Si d<Mj PyYSM {Si}SgS} wS~ tM} oSgSZ Aj}Sx, P{S jM~ M}c }cM{} {Si, j~AU iAy \n~ AyU} <cOAr} PcSM~ dMmSwAm cM} _cAm P}MUS}S<Z hS wSv }avS At~S{ vScT} \MM

|0hSA~r PxA}

vScT

vScT }mSa {~r 8tMc4Hc P~ScdS, PvA}} ASMy, ~Sd SMrc ArvAm vtH, M}} AvcSA _y Aci k}vS} j~ _Mr A{MMi 1960-_ _mS Ai~ _cmS wSAd}S~Z 1968-Pr Z vSvS~ wSc { PyMYMi _} YZrv 2009-_ MZMi 190 ye{SZM~}a PyA eS}, Aj}Sx, tS<rS~ c}, A}q fM} PyYSM _dSMv adSMv YMi wSZsv- vSvS }c{ Sw _cmS PdS~S vS~S PtAdMZ eSAY sS{SM~v PvA} y~M~v, _Z vS~S AtMZ M}} AvcSA j~ 8Mt wYMi _Z jM~ sSMc XS~Ae {~r _} P~SMzZ 8Mt P?A{MSMt} AzY

vSvS~ wSMc} {Sk AtMZ |SaZS SA{v ~SZv PtAdMZ PvA} y~M~v, \eSSZ j~ PyA a Pt PsMc PcAvZS Ayt AcMv _Z M|SMe} {SuM{ AvMZ YMi vScT} Ax wMZM* _cm AyS{ ySiyA2 dSyS} YvS MZAi~ ~j PsMc eSZo}S Y{SMt} _cmS cM} _ }c{ ySi Y} jM~} PySr~ AtM~v y~S ySd~, AyvS{M~Z cS}q, _ yZ Y{SMt} wSMcMj} Xer A{vSM}~ aZSmS} AcvM~ zS}rHZ mScSZ wYr <SZ 200 mScS

vScT |SaS} <Myws

YwSM <h} Pyyv a`A~} P~SAz PhSd PtMd Y{}S YMeZ eSAY} jSv~S} y cSh rM~ AtMZAi~S{ AzrM} dSA PtMd iSMt Y} yMvMm} \w} a`A~} cH tSwStSAw! cSMh sS;Y P{M} }Sea PtdS~ PvA} PrS hSyc SMr <br AiM~v rSZ Pyyv`A~ PyA Ay{ PtdSMr wSM}Av XvSySH _c zS}rHZ wA}yS} PyYSMr _MAiM~v aMt} eSAY} cSh PdS~S PwMZ {Mr} {Mu pMc wY~ ArvAm Pyyv ArvAm cSA} wSc AvMZ \uSa aZS} rSM~ Ai~ a`A~ YwS PsMc XMvMc PrMY _~ P} P} cM} uSaZS PdMZ {Sk wMs wSMcm PxM~ PhS< hS< PtRY wSMcm iMY iSrS, PySr~, SjMeSMj} AjAv iAYMZ wY~

P~Mc} cSMi |r _MeSA, PtdAi wSAd} iYSiAY P~Mc} {SkdSMv PeS~SAw }Mg} {SdS{SAd XjR PwA~cSv jM~ vS{Mi Y} PnS<Mm {Si AvMZ \MY |SM P~Mc} {SMk {SMk &Hw P My <h} aZSmS}-ySc P~c wA}{S ~ eSAYMr hS}Atc wSSMY Pf}S

hM~ _~S{ fv yMj wSMZ} r~SZ {SAma PvZ, wSs}a PvZ rSMt} ytM~ YMi cu whS wSrS a ccMvS eSMi} `AY} Uw _Z y yMv rS@H} w} rS@H uM} wSrS} }SA k}Mi, wMh |SM, rS} awM} Sa~S wT MZ \nMi, iSrS ejSM, rS} awM} YyS} vrv-k}S wSrS} }SA, YyS} wYMi eSMi} oS~-wS~S, `AY jSZeSZ jSZeSZ Sm-} xm ezH} MZ jM{ }MZMi _Z wUw


Syc YeM~ {S Pyyv	T <SM} _c Ah~Mr yj

cT ~ j~-x} _dSMv j~ {SMv T, ccMvS <S} {SMk {SMk u} ~GS ~GS fS tM} AtchyS~ P}dS, {SMk {SMk iSrS} {MrS {SsS \<h cM} tS<AYMZ YMi t_cmS cS<mS eSi aZ y eSMi} wSrS dSyS} jv Aj}Sx}S e~S ySAYMZ PtZ _dSvcS} eSMi} yqvS AtMr AeMZ AyzArzq A~MdMiv, t} PsMc P|v {Mv Z ym Ac X eSMi} {r, Ac1 cSMi PeM~ PtdS |SZ, ySaySy eSi iSZSAy}~ Xsh AyS~, Y<cS yS<cS, S}S eSMZ P|v yY yY Y<Ah~ PyAYMZMi, P|v Y}y \wvSM} _cmS Py<Mm, ctv, c Ktr AyUHq <SM} _dSMv adSMv <SZ Z tM} AvcMm yY yY ySaySy eSi tS<AYMZ eSZo Xy jSAvMZ AtM~v, ySaySy eSi _Z rNSMm PtdS |SZ vS PtdMr PeM~ P|Mr My P{SGSS yS ~ _~ScSZ _dSMv {~r AyAz7 <jSAr} XScSAZS eSi

cu AyUHq <S}, <uSvr fSM} yv, {SMk {SMk ySy~S a Z\cS eSi Ac1 cMS vtH PyMZ A{S} |r X} Z, tuSM} AvAyY yvSvH, cr u}Mv} P{SmS ~rS, yMv} x~, yv <cOAr _dSMv YS}S, ~H~S{ZH, YwvS} PR2M| a AvAyY <ShM| YwAv { ZDS~S, PeMj~, }shSZQ AyAz7 }cM{} A}q, PjS, SAr, Pyyv, A, yGS (yMvS c}) PtdMr PtdMr h~Ai~ x} eSZo PvA} {SMk {SMk jSAvMZ |SM _`M~S} csS P|dSMv P|{v, Anc PdSMv Pr{v [M}} cH Xwy A!

fSM} YS~ PsMc...

vtH} jM~ AMwS}S t~ Py<Mu {U }H} oAyMZ yM YMi nS _c jSZeSZ y eSAY <SZ _cM tS<AYMZ Pe~ fSM} M A{M yM YMi _cAm AA AciMrZ  M vS nS {Mv ~, {SsS rM~ aAm _cm P|v rScS~ rS}w} YyS} cMZ wY~ <Sc-x} KynMcZ AwvSAcySy yM~AiM~v, {Sv-zMq AcM~} Y PvZ a`A~} AjMz j~ wMY A}Mq} {S dSyS} jv

_dSMv _cmS csS jSAvMZ }SAd wAZ{yS~SZ P| y vSvS~ wSc a XzZS}q }MZMi rS} {Mu 2}yMv} vS{oSc |Ms 1984-Pr PfSAr _Z \tSMv} YZrv 1330.10 ye AcM~SA{mS} _} wM} yiS (92), Pva}S (86), eT{S}S (94) _y AS~H~S YZrv |sSM{ 117.10 ye AcM~SA{mS}, 88 ye AcM~SA{mS}, 79.45 ye AcM~SA{mS} _y 78.60 ye AcM~SA{mS}

_yS} Px}S} wS~S

x}Ah} P w|SMZ vScT PsMc AxM} _~S{ vSZM}SAy Px} PSMm~ AwA~AwA~ twM}} dSyS} PdMr PdMr Py~S <SZ ArvMm PwNSZ v}{ Pcc PcMm Y{SMt} AytSZ jSvSM~v SvHZ eSZo A{rS M}} yc AhM} Y{SMt} hS}Am eSAY} cvzZ _AeMZ hM~Mi }SUSZ |Svjm {SMk pS~ yM~zSo xmwSMs yU wshS}H, Ac1 cSM}} ct| ~ PvZ PxA}aZS~S YMi AyAz7 AMZ PsM{ |SaZS eSAY} S{Mv _M y~Mi P}Sth{S PvMyv? yS, x~ hSZ, x~? AyA M mAw, P<AMo* a <uSv{0H} yS<uSMvS xMmS

SjSMvS AyS~ wSc, AyAytS~Z, t zyv PtdMr PtdMr _MeS~S{ \dT SZaMZ AtMZ ySmS, S{S P{SySZ~, jAv aZScSM}} BSc XS PSZSZm wSvHZ _ My} AyaSwMv} PwNSZ PSAo }SUS} twSM ZAsaAwZS} (<Sv) JSm SZM~ P~SA} vSM{ }SUS |SHySH yY yS, P{MS _ y PvZ |SH yMv} jv {~r PiSm, Avh A{AvyS ~S~, cSM~S }Mg}, <ArAmMr ~t H{SM}dS <SZMzm eSAY} AzSe jSwSAv S} KrA}

AyS~ AowSmM{*S~ PS vc{Sm PtM} Xvr{ y Aw {M~}

AytSMy~S A{C{d

Phv }SUS wS} aZS} cAMm} xmAj YA>cSv ySA cMwSM}v, hSZvS PcAvZS P>Aw Pem wS} MZ _MeSA Ay{Svy2M}} AtMc PRAt Y}SAyZSv _ZS}~SZ, cSrS} _ZS}~SZ _ My} pS\ PSAo _M wY~S{ Ay{Svy2M}

Ay{Sv iSY~ Py~S wS<hmS AyZSANM PiSm wtSZ Ptd~S{ 2819 {SZ~ \YMr My {Mv wY~ cAy} csS
Y{S} _Z UA C{q My S}S,
iAm My P,
/.../
Ax}Mr My _ZdSv PsMc _ZdSMvZ,
{SkdSMv wS} y XH{ {(

YcSwMs} AzSeZ {( Y}y Se}, zS}r {SSe} YySaZS zS~ Ai~ {GZMZ _M PwR@iS~S{ }Sr tMmS} Aci wM} Arv f*S} \w} XMwS _yS} AcAxS} _ZS}~SZM} \YSMv c~cSrS

fM}} PiM~ fM} Ax}~S{ CncZ, {v wM }Z~ YA>cS} jM~

wSSMY Pf}S vScT P~c

jT}H rs
l PcSv {Z |SMyv?
j~SZ PsMc XMfSy} cS}q, _Z {ZmSZ XSAv{S~ {SZMv XMwScOr PyA PtdS |SZ

l cr d}h wYMy?
PcAvZS a rSvjSAvZSZ _c _cAm jSrHZ X}Mq P|Mr <ArAtv {SsSAwi |sSM{ 60 o~S} a 80 o~S} wMY _} M YMi AyM u}Mq} eSAY, PSMm~, eSZo _ y c~cSrS} _cAm C{qS} zSZ P<AMo* AwvSAc A{ jSvSv, |SrSZr, sScS-dSaZS y A{A~MZ iAtMv} mM} {SsSAwi ~SddSMvc d}h wYMy

iAy: P~dc a ZMvmS}Mvm (*)

P~dMc} cSM{}SyA2 Y}a Aci iAy

P}SMj} Yv2ySjS} | _ySM}} dS | ySMt} SaSyt~ | SStyt~ | dSvS rNSA | w}MvS }q