Anandabazar- Rabibashariya Probondho

31 Kj 1416 }AyyS} 14 jv 2009

}AyyS}H <y ...

yMc} {SMk AyM~SMc} SYS

jetHh4 yMc zM~ AeMZ ySgSA~ <{Sq cM}Mi P|
Y{} S Ar Z _c YAyTr jSAr AycS A

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PZ \~ M} uS}S <SZ wMvM}SMS yi}ySwH AmMc sSMc cu{S AmMc sSMc y~y vS, AmMc sSMc a yjSZ sSMc eMy} M a hYS SxM~} M

PZ M} P wy _~ {S}SjS PSZSZ jZA-} }SjM, }SjSMv} jZwM}, 1746 vSeSt  v _y YcSM} rS}S} eArAyAu {SwS} vrv vrv |0 ySM~v ArAv AydSr |} {}-_ wS} PsMc, Y}y PsMc PoMc wSnSM~v AyA AyaSvHMt} zSZ YM~ShvS Mr ~Se~ AMcSqA{Ar _y PjSArAytS} wYSM~v Y~ PyTAq wSArwq yOrS c}M~v AydSr Ac tSAvc mM~A{

_} Anc wM}Z zS}ryM AyaSv a YuAvc Sy~H~ AhSuS}S _cMS yiM}} Avk{ X3cSM} oy At~ _ Atc a Atc {SsS hSYS At~ PiSm PiSm AyM(S yY AyM(SM} <s{ tS{S{S PyMj \n~ 1857Z, AwSA AyM(SM PjMe \n~ vrv zS}r

PZ _cMS yiM}} ZArSM} AvMUj iSZzT PsMc PjMe \nM~v _c ySgSA~, YhS| jetHh4 y, ]vAy rS@H} P zSMe AwSA AyM(SM} Anc wM}} yi}, 1858Z rS<} j8

jetHh4 yS~S} vyjSe}Mq} y}w _cZ M <SqwT YyS} zHYMtya PZ {SvAm} jM8} 150 yi} wq ~ Yv, rS<Mc Y{}S vrv cM} YAyS} c}S} PhS cA}

jetHhM4} j8 XuvS yS~SMtM} Ay{wM} _Z Ay{w} _c {MZ A2 a PyR$ u{ YM~ShvS} wHnSv Ai~ XrH tHwM}} j8Sva Ay{w} M}SAjvH vSZoa _dSMvZ j8 ~Sz cM}v jetHhM4} PiM~My~S cSMm xA}twM}, P|dSMv rS<} AwrS zeySvh4 y PowAm {SAjMm AiM~v PiM~My~SZ ySyS-{SMZ} P^ a ASZ PyMY anS DMc TArhS}qSZ ArAv Dq cOAr rS<Mt}Z AtMZMiv the inventive bent of my mind received its first impetus from the industrial and technical school |S rS<} ySyS} KrA} A2 PtyrS Ayc{S} LwcMO, AyMr Avj SMr Ayc{S} A _Z Ay]S _Z ySwS}mS rS<Mc PiM~My~SZ YcO cM}Ai~

PZS} ~ PsMc {SAMc} w} jetHh4 wYMr |Sv c~cSrS} P* PjAzZS cM~Mj 1880-Pr Ay _ wS cM}Z rTq jetHh4 AyM~r wSAY Ptv Z\AvzSAAm Xy ~Mv, P{AoAv wYMr AhAcS-AyaSv wYS} jv |Ms zS~ }H}-SS vS sScSZ jetHh4 k<cM~v <cOArAyaSv wYS} jv yA AvMZ ISMv \Hq M~v jetHh4 _y 1884 SM~ PcAGj AyAytS~Z PsMc Ay _ _y ~v AyAytS~Z PsMc Ay _A AoA ~Sz c}M~v _cSuSM}

PcAG Mj sScScS~Hv AyaSMv} XMvc {HTM} M jetHhM4} AyaSvAhS} YtSv<tSv MZAi~ _} {Mu ySM T}qHZ ~o }SM~} vS{ _<Mt}Z ASZ a wSZSMr} AyaSvtHSZ tHAr jetHh4 AvMj} SMr eMY Pvv _cAm PiS ~SyM}mA} P<AMoA cM~Mj} ySsT{ ~ _cAm fM} c~cSrSZ 1894 SM~ |S} <SZ ArA} yi} YMe Pj{ Sc {SiaMZ~ Xv{Sv cM}v P|, rAY-PhRGcHZ AyAc}q YM~S} eAr} MZ wSNS AtMZ imMr wSM} {SiaMZM~} _Z uS}qS jv{M YM 1865 SM~ vrv ~SyM}mA}Mr jetHh4 cSj cT cM}v Dq AvjS w$Ar _y AvMj} KrA} |0 a |0S AtMZ eMyqS} AyZ AMMy AvyShv cM}v rAY-PhRGcHZ AyAc}Mq} u{ _y AyM cM} YM~S} M5 (light harvesting) AyMZ

<s{ AtMc jetHh4Z eSM~vS Amc yyS} cM}v AyAz7 AyAc}Mq} Sc AMMy <s{r, XMwScOr PiSm KtMf} PyrS} r}M} Sc AMMy _y XvSv r}-KtMf} StS yS XAr Py`Av YM~S} jMva wM} yy_r Z eSM~vS Amc YZM|} AyZ, jetHh4 P| rAY-PhRGcHZ AyAc}q uM} PtdSM~v, P ySwSM} XMvc PtA} cM}, 1904 SM~ aZ eSM~vS AmMc} YAySM}} jMvZ rS<Mc PtaZS Z PwMm*-_} XvM{Stv c~cSrS} eMyqSeSM} {SiaMZ~ <USAyr rAY-PhRGcHZ AyAc}Mq} XeAr SMr-c~M{ PtdSMvS} XMvc wM}

1954 SM~AwZSva SMmZv SHcS} cM}v, PyS-_} Xvv XytSMv} csS SHcS} cM}v jetHh4Mc wAscOr AMMy, MA{-cSAf AS~ yyS} cM} PyrS}-r} q{rS} XqH eMyc-AyaSvH yM~ PcAGMj} PvSMy~-jZH AyaSvH, cSMzA XuSwc, } PvAz~ {m 1977-_ {y cM}v, jetHh4 PyS AvMj} {MZ} PsMc Xr Sm yi} _AeMZ AiM~v Y} _cm _AeMZ ArAv _a yM~v P|, jetHh4, _{vcH P-type _y Ntype Semi Conductor --_} XySv DMca aZSAcyS~ AiM~v

1895 SM~, {SiaMZM~} YAySM}} ArA} yi} wM}, c~cSrS} mS\v M~ _c jvzSZ, yS} S{Mv jetHh4 rAY-PhRGcHZ AyAc}Mq} XeAr} Avtv AMMy A}M{Sm cM+SM~ _cAm {u} fS ySAjMZ _y SvwS\oSM}} rH AyMS}q fAmMZ t}c{ zSMyZ AyaSMv} jZ|SS} hvS cM}v Y{S} {Mr, aZ AtvZ zS}rHZ YuAvc AyaSv a <|A} P{~y3Mv} tS{S{S PyMj aMn, {MZ} PhMZ XMvc _AeMZ |SMc XvSv AyA jv ZMrS yS {SAjc XsyS A{}Sc~ PzMyAiM~v

PcSva }c{ KytArc rSM}} SS| vS AvMZ Mcr wSnSMvS} <s{ x~ w}HSAm cM}v {ScAv, Z~SM} S~MyA} {rM~, 1897 SM~ |M$} cSMj dyM}} YtSv<tSv c}SZ Ai~ {~ ~ wA}S} zSMy, Xr tyi} _AeMZ AiM~v jetHh4, {ScAv} PsMc _ ySwSM} _ iSYSa, aZ 1897 SM~Z, A<Z a M$Z {SS}{SZ, ~o }SM~} Y{0Mq SYS AtMZ jetHh4 rS<} AydSr A{A~A{mS}-r}M} w}HSAm }ZS~ ZvAAm\Mv AeMZ cM} PtdSv PZ {MZ jetHhM4} {S{AZc Pc\Z _r PiSm r}-KtMf} cSj cM} \nMr wSM}vAv, |SMt} {Sw Ai~ 5 PsMc 25 A{A~A{mS} jetHhM4} \ySAyr |0Ama Ai~ Dq AvMj} ySvSMvS, |SMr _{v _cAm |0Sa Ai~ vS, |S AyMt PsMc Y{tSAv c}Mr MZAi~ ~Mv} }ZS~ ZvAAm\Mv} yOrSZ jetHh4 _a Xv{Sv SMwM tSAy cM}v P|, PR}jeMr} {U AyAc}q, AyM cM} |SM~Sca _c u}Mv} rAY-PhRGcHZ AyAc}q _} <SZ 45 yi} ySMt PR}Ac}Mq} rAY-PhRGcHZ u{ YAyOr Z YyS} AvMj} {Z PsMc _AeMZ sScS} Avtv rSZ _ csS AvA&uSZ y~Mr wSA}, cu{S {ScAvMc _cc zSMy PvSMy~ w}S} PtaZS AvAZr zSMyZ jetHhM4} <Ar XAyhS}, y|vS _y Mr} Xw~SMw} _c hYS \tS}q _Z w}S} Xr wM {ScAv a jetHhM4} | zSMy wSaZS \Ahr Ai~

YhS| jetHhM4} hSA}Ac t\rS _Z PvSMy~ w}S} vS wSaZS} w} Y}a PyA cM} xMm aMn _Z XuSMZ, ]vAy rS@H} P zSMe, jetHhM4} AyaSv-jHyv vrv P{SY PvZ AyaSv SxM~} hYS  vS cM}Z AxM} YS} {SvAc |0qS ArAv zM~ sSMcv _c Dq XjSvS AyMZ oy AtMZ rAY-PhRGcHZ AyAc}Mq} eAr<cOAr PsMc Dq {d fA}MZ AvMZ P{Mr \nM~v \AyMt} 2vH~rS AyMZ YyS}, vrv |0 ySAvMZ {SwMr ~SeM~v eSMi} \MjvS <yS, SYS} {SS PtdMr ~SeM~v yvhS<YSM~} vr A<Z cM~j P<AMoA PsMc Xy} AvMZMiv <SZ yi} cAY ySMt, 1920 SM~ M~v }ZS~ PSSZAm} PxM~S P<AMoA cM~j crOw {MvSvHr c}M~v AyA XuSwc AMMy jetHhM4} {Md} csS YA{ _dSMv yS~SZ rj{S cM} AvA ({S c}Myv) {MvSyHqS} Xv}qv Y{SMt} r{~ zSMy YM~SAYr cM} rS@H} _c rOrHZSM}a PyA {Z jMY Y{S} {U cSj _Z M}Z yM c}S c~cSrS M}} _c ws{bA}} PhSd AtMZ PtdMr wSZ Y{S} AhSMRSMr} |SS _c XNjy PsMc Kjy <SMq} AtMc

jetHhM4} jHyv _Z wM}} wMy _McySM}Z Sr0 _Z AyMZ _c YM~ShvSzS yMAi~ er yi}, 2008 SM~} 6 AoMG}, PcAGMj} SZ cM~Mj fmvShM Y{S}a, |SMc yM~, Alma Marter _cZ cM~j

1900 SM~ wSA}M _c AyaSv-cMM jetHh4 rS<} eSMi} <Sq AyZc YAyS} PfSqS cM}v ArAv PtdSv XNjy yb (ZvX}eSAvc {SmS})-} {SuM{ eSMi SYS jSeSMvS |SZ PtdSv, eSMi}a XySt (MxAme) Z ArAv AhA\r cM}v eSMi} AyAz7 S}H}yAZ AyAZS`A~} _y wA}{Sw cM}v Aci ^SZyHZ <yS yS PyM} jetHhM4} _Z YAyS}`A~ <cOArAyaSv a jHyAyaSMv} _c YZ| P{~y3v fmSZ _y Dq vrv _c AyaSv AyMZ} t}jS

dM~ PtZ Y{S} {Mr, YuAvc jHywtSsAytS} ArAvZ jvc \AyMt} AvSc jHyv DMc <y~ PcRr~Z jetHh4Mc _Z AtMc PmMv AvMZ YM rS<} AvMj} csSZ, AvSc jHyv, f} ZMr ySA} ZM~Z hSA} Atc ySAwZS jHyMv} \pS PtAdMr wSZ PZ jHyv _McySM} Av@ Hr a HY, {~Z {H} a kAmcS, yA a XvSyA, YM~S a Y<uS} _Z AvSc jHyv ~ZZS HYS cA}MrMi cr AyAh fmvS} {SMy, cr <cSM}} YfSr a cr <cSM}} YzA}c SYS _Z A}, _Z AvZ~y jHyv <Ar{S} AzrM} cr Xt AZS hA~MrMi Ac <cSM} _Z X<cSMc <cS cA}y?

1925-_ <cSAr AydSr jSvSS~ _vSZMSAwAoZSZ jetHhM4} cSMj} <AU AyUSA}r }MZMi \AytAyZc eMyqSZ ArAv rS<} \ySAyr |M0} SSM| (M|{v, {SeMvAmc PMcSSx) PtdMr {s v Pc{v cM} {SAm} yMc} yA2 P| j~ yM} AyAz7 SdS-<SdSZ iAYMZ wMY ArAv P|{v <SMq} vYShYS (~SZz {zM{*) _y ^SZyHZ eArAyAu (vSzS A}M?Mi) <s{ wA}{Sw cM}v, Pr{vZ ArAvZ YyS} w}HS cM} PtdSv AhAv a vMv} j~HZ (yq Pc{v cM} Aci 2vH~ PcSM} SSM| yM} \wM} \Mn YM

yvhS<YS~ eSi AtZS \AyMt} 2vH~rS XvSZSM PtdSMvS |SZMr wSM} ZS} ( wSrS`A~ YwvS YwAv vr cM} P~SMc} AyS P|, SMr} rAY AtM~Z vr Y}H Z eSMi} HrMySu YMi Ac vS, yA~Mr wSA} vS, Ac1 yvhS<YSM~} vMr} Ar rAY} PcSva G3 vSZ rT2Mv} SYSA~Aw wSn cA}ZS, j1 a \AyMt} 2v P| _cZ AvZM{ AvZA{r rSS AvZZ LMw yA~Mr wSA}MrAi yvhS<YSM~} vr <M \wM}} ySc cAm rS<} Xy yZMZ} AvSc jHyv XuSZ PsMc rM~ YvS ZS} ( wSrS`A~ YwAv YwAv vr cM} _Z ySMc jetHh4 _c jv cAy YyS}, Ac1 yvhS<YSM~} vMr} Ar rAY} PcSMvS G3 vSZ _Z ySc _c jv AyaSvH} AvSc jHyv 1920 SM~} YMwSM P~dS _Z jetHhM4} ezH}r{ y3 AMMy P| SZ }yH4vSs _AeMZ YMyv, rS Y} YZ| cH?

XMvc`M~S yi} PwA}MZ _M Y{}S cH PtdMr wSZ? PtAd, 1950-_} w} PsMc <SZ {U wSnwUc PsMc jetHh4 AytSZ AvMZMiv rS<} cSMj} \MNd w| PvZ }yH4vSMs} <AU ySt AtM~ |S<}S jetHhM4} AyaSvAzAc <AU <hS} cM}AiM~v, rS<}S AiM~v jetSv2 }SZ, }S{Sv2 hMSwSuSZ, hSTh4 _y }SM{42} AMytH AyMtAMt} {Mu <dSr \AytAyt, {SjrSAxc a ASAyt m~SM} wSAc PjAo _<Mt} {Mu YyS} }SM{42}, }S{Sv2 a hSTh4 AiM~v jetHhM4} <r iS _<Mt} Pc\Z P|Mr AyaSv-eMyc AMMy Pr{v vS{jStS vv, rSZ ZMrS jetHhM4} cSMj} {~SZMv} Atc PsMc _<}S AcimS wwSrt PsMcMiv Ac1, P<AMoA cM~Mj jetHhM4} Y}a Aci iS PrS w}yrH jHyMv AyaSvH AMMy jeA&dSr AiM~v! <S, P{fvSt SS yS Mr4vSs y rS<Mt} {SS}{SZ DMc AciZ <SZ A~Md jSvSvAv Mr4vSs PrS jetHhM4} jSrHZrSyStMc cmS w| cM}AiM~v yArM{ _cAm P~dSZ wSaZS |SZ aSvh4 PfSM} cSi PsMc rS M~ PM{ cH tS<YS~?

jetHh4Mc AyaSvH AMMy S{SAjc <ArSZ }yH4vSMs} zA{cSZ Ai~ <uSv 1897 SM~} _A<M~ AyMt x} PM} Px}S} w} jetHhM4} AtMc XzsvS} Sr ySAYMZ Ptv ArAvZ YyS}, jetHhM4} 70 yi} wAr XvSv YMZSjMv} {d \MtSSa AiM~v ArAvZ, }yH4vSs _Z tZ ySgSA~ YZcv, cAy a AyaSvH} y3M} AyAh }SZMv} csS XMvMcZ jSMvv

}yH4vSs _c Az7 }SUS} wAsc, |S<} AhSuS}S} wA}Au cu wAsyH Y} {SvMc AvMZZ sSMc vS, |S<} \w~AA Mq MqZ Ay]SM} YvSMh cSvSMh \<Ac {SM} ArAv jetHhM4} M ezH}r{ y3 AMMy P<}qS jAeMZMiv AvMja jetHhM4} AhSuS}S} \tH YM~SMr zSAMZ AtMZAiM~v _Z tZ Az7 wMs} wAsc, Ac1 }SUS} PM ~Sv _cZ _c jv cAyrS, eSMv} aw} eS zSAMZ rMc, 2}Mc \w~AA cM}Miv, Y} _c jv AyaSMv} jZwrScS \AYMZ r a 2}Mc xAmMZ rM~AiM~v

_c jv SAr Y} _c jv AyaSv tjMvZ, P w| r a 2M}} Suc, wAsyH} {ScSM XSuS}q {yrS}S YS cA}, wM}} <j8 _Z AyAh \w~AA c}S} M|Se wSMy

rs:

1 jetHh4 y AyM dS, Xvw, y 43, 2Z dS, 2008
2 Xy, AvSc jHyv, jetHh4 y AyM dS, Xvw, 2008
3 The Calcutta Municipal Gazette, p-63
4 The work of Jagadish Chandra Bose: 100 years of MM-Wave Research, DT Emerson (1998)

}hvS a rj{SZ M|SeH y3 XuSwc XAzAj hyrHMc uvySt


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